Archive for October, 2009

CultureWizard Digest, Issue #22

A compendium of current news and headlines with commentary providing unique cultural insight into global affairs, business and daily life around the world.

Check out CultureWizard Digest #22 here!

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* Culture Defined
* How Free is Free Speech in India?
* Cell or Mobile Phone, Handy or Keitai?
* “Taking the Bite Out of Moving Overseas”

CultureLinks
+ Dubai: New UN HQ?
+ Israeli Innovation
+ Avatar in China

CultureTips
+ Thailand
+ Ukraine

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Culture Defined

I’m frequently asked—professionally and socially—about our definition of culture—what it is, where it comes from and how culture affects interaction with colleagues. Here is the definition that we find works best: a deep-seated set of values and beliefs shared by a society that define a sense of right and wrong, good and bad, appropriate and inappropriate behavior.

Delving into the meaning of cultural awareness, the “Golden Rule” of “do unto others what you would like to be done unto you” might best be modified to “do unto others as they would like you to do unto them.” Of course, this means you need to know a little about their cultural values and preferences. The important thing is to recognize that culture represents intrinsic beliefs and values, which impact behavior. Combined with personal style, being attuned to these factors allows us to be culturally astute and professionally successful in 2010 and beyond.

Mike Schell

RW-3.com

Ukraine Culture Tips

+ Ukrainians are extremely superstitious and avoid many behaviors. If you do something that they believe can cause harm, such as sitting on stone steps, someone will tell you that you risk doing great harm to yourself. Superstitions are derived from folk wisdom in rural communities.

+ The Ukrainian language is making a resurgence as the national language and a source of pride. It is the official language of instruction in schools and of the government. However, many older businesspeople in Kyiv still speak Russian

+ Ukrainians rely on a close network of family, friends, and co-workers as protection against the risks and unpredictability of daily life. Friends provide a vehicle to circumvent red tape and cut through bureaucracy. In business, friendships are called “svyazy” or connections.

+ The influences of the Russian Orthodox Church plus a long history of turbulent economic times, unstable governments and adverse climatic conditions produce a rather fatalistic approach towards life.

+ The Ukrainian communication style is very straightforward. Business is often conducted with minimal pleasantries. In fact, Ukrainians seldom use polite phrases such as “please” or “thank you,” which can make their requests sound more like orders. This is not meant to be rude; it is a cultural nuance.

+ For the most part, Ukrainians begin with the word no and gradually move to yes or perhaps.

+ Generally, Ukrainians do not display emotion when conversing. However, if they become angry or indignant, they will not hesitate to be extremely direct in stating their position.

- from RW3’s CultureWizard® Country Profiles

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Dubai: New UN HQ?

An opinion piece on Forbes.com suggests moving the UN from New York City to Dubai. Aside from the argument that the UN is a drain on New York’s economy, “the U.N. may be leaving anyway. A relocation committee has recommended that the organization move temporarily to Singapore by 2015. It will be hard to vacate Asia again for New York, which is far away from the bulk of the world’s largest population centers.”

Photo by Sean Dubberke

Photo by Sean Dubberke

The writer argues that the ruling al-Maktoum family has developed one of the most impressive, modern cityscapes to date. A truly global city, the population comprises a majority of foreign nationals. “Sheikh Mohammed could offer to build a United Nations City to house the U.N. in any number of vacant office towers. Business Bay has 65 million square feet of office space under construction in more than 200 high-rises. Dubai already has thousands of newly constructed apartments that await the international delegates. More than 2 billion people in Africa, Europe and Asia are within a six-hour flight from Dubai.”

The argument is persuasive, but how would this change Dubai in the long term? How would New York handle the loss of UN workers? The culturally diverse population of Dubai and the UAE would certainly suit an organization like the UN, but how would this affect the region, which may not share the same visionary future?

Click here to jump to the article.

Sean

RW-3.com

Avatar in China

AvatarThe front page of The Hindu earlier this week featured an article called “In China, Avatar finds unlikely resonance.”

“…Many film critics and bloggers have…been struck by the close resonance the film’s plotline has had for many cinema-goers here.” Powerful real estate companies in China have forcefully moved residents off land in some of the worst human rights offenses on the country’s record. The article displays some interesting opinions Chinese viewers have had on the movie, including one person that found the movie unoriginal from a Chinese perspective.

Click here to jump to the article.

Updated on January 20, 2010: Click here to read an article in the New York Times on the multitude of cultural reactions people have had to Avatar around the world.

Joshua

RW-3.com

Categories: CultureWizard Blog Tags:

Thailand Culture Tips

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+ Assignments in Thailand require a depth of cultural understanding. International businesspeople will find the Thais respectful and deferential to authority, much because of the respect the culture holds for their monarchy and Buddhism.

+ Social interactions are governed by formal expressions of courtesy and deference to age and social status. The wai is the common greeting: raise both hands, palms joined with the fingers pointing upwards as if in prayer, and lightly touch the body between the chest and the forehead.

+ Thais respect hierarchy. Social relationships are defined in terms of which person is superior to the other. Parents are superior to their children, teachers to their students, and bosses to their subordinates.

+ When Thais meet a stranger, they immediately try to place the person within a hierarchy so they know how to treat the person. This is why Thais often ask personal questions.

+ In many ways, Thailand is a matriarchal culture where women are afforded relative equality. In addition to having primary responsibility for the household and children, Thai women work outside the home, and many are entrepreneurs. Commerce has been a traditionally female domain.

+ Thai women are soft-spoken and gracious, even in business. In general, Thai businessmen have an easier time dealing with foreign women who adapt to the Thai demeanor. If a woman displays aggressive or domineering behavior, she will have a hard time being successful.

+ Thailand is known as the “land of smiles” and Thais often use smiles as a means of communication. Whereas people from many cultures would use the word please, Thais smile when making a request. Be sensitive to non-verbal expression in general.

- from RW3’s CultureWizard® Country Profiles

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RW3 CultureWizard is “Taking the Bite Out of Moving Overseas”

An Investor’s Business Daily article this past weekend poses the following question: Why is it hard for American companies to expand overseas? Simply put, “mastering cultural differences and understanding European, Asian or Latin American customers affect bottom-line results.” So, if nothing is invested in cultural learning, business will not build the momentum it needs to achieve the success it took to expand in the first place.

“Americans think if they are well-intentioned and go overseas or anywhere, they’ll be successful. Being well-intentioned isn’t enough,” said Charlene Solomon, EVP of RW3 Culturewizard who co-authored Managing Across Cultures with CEO Michael Schell. Solomon says that “businesspeople need to understand cultural differences and pinpoint what global customers want from their product.”

Wal-Mart considered local tastes when opting to sell crocodiles at a Sam's Club in Guangzhou, China. AP

Wal-Mart considers local tastes in selling crocodiles at a Sam's Club in Guangzhou, China. AP

One of the most important tips Schell and Solomon offered is to “honor the local culture as exemplified by McDonald’s buying local produce and ingredients rather than having them shipped in.” Knowing the customer in an intimate way, as one would more naturally do in their native country, is absolutely essential. Developing a global mindset is a core competency for all members of an organization, management especially, in the 21st century.

Click here to jump to the article.

Josh

RW3 CultureWizard

Indirect Communication Styles

The way people communicate is a vital part of understanding a culture. It’s crucial to recognize an indirect communication culture because the words someone uses are only a portion of the message being conveyed.

Cultures in countries like India, Thailand and Japan are very indirect in their style. This means that individuals often speak in a roundabout way by adapting the language to be somewhat general and extremely tactful. Non-verbal communication, such as facial expressions, tone of voice and posture, take on a very important role as clues about the full message. While the goal of an indirect communicator is still information, he or she strives to maintain harmony, avoid confrontation and save face for all parties.

If you work with indirect communicators in your business activities, be careful to pay close attention to these signals.

- from RW3’s CultureWizard®

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Categories: Culture Tips Tags:

Israeli Innovation


In Den Senor’s book, Start-Up Nation, Israeli culture is attributed to the innovation that has made Israel the country with the highest density of start-up companies per capita in the world.

Senor connects the universal military service requirement to this fact. Military service gives young Israelis leadership experience while it teaches them to manage people, time and even money. Interestingly, it also teaches them how to improvise and make “tough decisions with imperfect information,” said Senor.

In general, Israeli culture is tolerant of questioning authority, debating and challenging hierarchy. Entrepreneurs in Israel have also historically invested a lot of money in research and development, which has developed strong IT and technology industries. Watch the video above to hear the author speak about his findings, which lead him to write Start-Up Nation.

Valerie

RW3 CultureWizard

RW3 CultureWizard on Cover of American Executive

American Exec Global_Mindset Cover

The cover story of this month’s American Executive, titled “Global Mindset,” features Charlene Solomon, Michael Schell and their book Managing Across Cultures. The growing need for executives and their organizations to effectively do business in a very global market is highlighted by the crucial role culture plays worldwide. “The most serious errors made by Americans when dealing with other cultures include ignoring other cultures’ need for relationship building and assuming other cultures share our love for risk-taking, say Schell and Solomon…One reason Americans tend to underestimate the need for relationships, said Solomon, is that time is so important to us. ‘We don’t realize that building relationships and taking time to talk to people are really important. We tend to think these things are gratuitous.’”

A strong sense of relationship and rapport prevails in many cultures outside North America and Western Europe. In East and South Asia and the Middle East, business is built on trusting, personal relationships that extend beyond the workplace.

According to Solomon, this relationship building takes “a few minutes to chat about something on a conference call, taking a little bit of a personal interest in the person on the other end of the phone, and being polite in an opening note in an e-mail.” Cognizance of the cultural need for this kind of behavior is not difficult, and practice makes perfect. “We practice it internally,” she said. “Opening an e-mail with a hello, if appropriate saying you hope they had a good weekend, closing it with your name, just being polite. Also, we take some time before meetings start and see that time of relationship building as part of the business process.”

Owning this knowledge of other cultures empowers you as a global professional, and builds on your global mindset, a must-have for the 21st century.

Click here to jump to the full article online.

Sean

RW3 CultureWizard

Managing Across Cultures in Re:locate Magazine

Read about Charlene Solomon and Michael Schell’s book, Managing Across Cultures: The Seven Keys to Doing Business with a Global Mindset, in Re:locate Magazine, a website for HR and Relocation professionals.

Paul

RW3 CultureWizard

How Free is Free Speech in India?

Reuters

Reuters

The Wall Street Journal reports that Google faces a new challenge in India with its social networking site Orkut. There, freedom of speech, a constitutional right, is not completely and literally free, but subject to certain rules that are intended to maintain cultural standards tied to India’s numerous ethnic and religious groups.

“The nation of 1.2 billion is the world’s largest democracy and in principle affords free speech to its citizens. But the country has a volatile mix of religious, ethnic and caste politics and a history of mob violence. So, the government has the authority to curtail speech rights in certain cases. India’s Constitution encapsulates that gray zone: Free speech is subject to ‘reasonable restrictions’ for such purposes as maintaining ‘public order, decency or morality.’” Oftentimes, the robust democratic system leads Indians to violent, chaotic protests in the streets.

How does Google, an American company, know when to remove objectionable material, that could lead to public outcry, from it’s many websites? Their policy is to “review material flagged by Indian users of Orkut and other Web services it owns, such as YouTube…The company pledges to abide by the laws of the countries it operates in. In India, that means making some content inaccessible from the local versions of its sites…” Censorship is not typical of democracy, but the nature of Indian culture influences the strong hierarchy of the country, and the power vested in authorities.

Understanding the vagaries of Indian culture and society is important for businesses operating in the country to comprehend and incorporate into local policy. Are there other areas of the world where social networking websites can potentially endanger public safety as in India, or is this unique? How does this compare to recent elections in Iran and the use of Twitter and Facebook to spread news outside of the country?

Click here to read the article online.

Sean

RW3 CultureWizard

Cell or Mobile Phone, Handy or Keitai?

An Economist article highlights the interesting cultural differences surrounding the ways people use mobile-phones around the world.

“Mobile phones do not share a single global moniker because the origins of their names are deeply cultural. ‘Cellular’ refers to how modern wireless networks are built, pointing to a technological worldview in America. ‘Mobile’ emphasises that the device is untethered, which fits the roaming, once-imperial British style. Handy highlights the importance of functionality, much appreciated in Germany. But are such differences more than cosmetic? And will they persist or give way to a global mobile culture?”

An American professor predicts “in the long run most national differences will disappear…But he expects some persistence of variations that go back to economics. In poorer countries subscribers will handle their mobile phones differently simply because they lack money. Nearly all airtime in Africa is pre-paid. Practices such as ‘beeping’ are likely to continue for quite a while: when callers lack credit, they hang up after just one ring, a signal that they want to be called back.” In Spain, many mobile-phone users call this a toque, literally “touch,” which could mean one of several things: I’m thinking of you, I’m here (when meeting people at a specific location) or I want you to call me. In any sense, it’s a free way to communicate.

Illustration by James Fryer

Illustration by James Fryer

“Just how people behave when talking on a mobile phone is a question of culture…Parisians and Madrileniens felt freer to talk in the street, even in the middle of the pavement. Londoners, by contrast, tended to gather in certain zones, for instance at the entrances of tube stations. In Paris people openly complained when bothered by others talking loudly about intimate matters, but complaints were rare in London. In both places, people tended to separate phone and face-to-face conversations, for instance by retreating to a quiet corner. But subscribers in Madrid often mixed them and even allowed others to take part in their phone conversations. The Spanish almost always take a call and most turn off voicemail.

“…Such variations reflect how people traditionally use urban space. In London…the streets are mainly for walking…Paris, however, is a place to stroll, the home of the flâneur. In Madrid people inhabit the streets to talk together. As for their aversion to voicemail, the Spanish consider it rude to leave a call unanswered, even if it is inconvenient. This may be the result of a strong sense of social obligation towards friends and family.”

How is your use of mobile-phones influenced by culture? How has privacy changed from landlines to mobile lines?

Click here to jump to the article.

Mike

RW3 CultureWizard